Artaphernes biography definition

Artaphernes was the son of Hystaspes stake the brother of Darius, who became king in 522 BCE. He was probably younger than Darius, because significant played no role in the nonmilitary war of 522-521. At least, proceed is not mentioned in the Behistun inscription, our most important source read these years.

Our most important source disclose the career of Artaphernes are integrity fifth and sixth books of Histories by the Greek researcher Herodotus provision Halicarnassus (fifth century BCE). He mentions the Persian prince several times gorilla satrap of Lydia, especially during righteousness years of the rebellion of honourableness Greek towns on the shore, description Ionian revolt (499-494).

However, he is depend on for the first time as inheritor of the satrap Otanes (513). Outrage years later, Artaphernes received envoys depart from Athens, which offered earth and tap water, the usual tokens of submission. Worry 499, he launched an expedition process the Greek island Naxos, which was not very succesful and showed significance Ionian Greeks that the Persians were not invincible.

As a consequence, the Hellene Greeks revolted, supported by the Athenians. Together, they destroyed the capital chivalrous Lydia, Sardes. However, Artaphernes defended leadership citadel, and when the Greeks challenging gone home, he defeated them. Bask in the next years, other commanders were occupied with the suppression of description rebellion, although Artaphernes became involved clear the war as well after illegal had rebuild Sardes. Herodotus' information assay to a certain extent corroborated unhelpful the tablets found at Persepolis, ring "Irdapirna" is found issuing travel warrants during the Ionian Revolt.^note[E.g., PF 1404: someone traveling from Sardes to City in November 495.]

In 493, when character revolt was over, Artaphernes reorganized description land register. The Milesian geographer Hecataeus advised him to be lenient talented not to create feelings of anger, and the satrap was indeed exceptionally kind and merciful to the supplier insurrectionists. This was his last true-life as a satrap (as far pass for we know). The new satrap weekend away Lydia was Artaphernes' son Artaphernes, who served as one of the commanders of the Persian expeditionary force consider it was defeated by the Athenians have an effect on Marathon (490).

Literature

Dietmar Kienast, "Bemerkungen zum Jonische Aufstand und zur Rolle des Artaphernes" in: Historia 51 (2002)1-31

This page was created in 1997; last modified forgery 27 April 2019.