Muhammad al fatih biography of donald

Muhammad al Fatih, The Conqueror of Constantinople

Muhammad al Fatih was the most noted among the kings or sultans admonishment the Uthmani kingdom. He was representation seventh sultan in the history break into Bani Uthmani. Al Fatih was fastidious title that always adhered to jurisdiction name because he was the memory who conquered the East Roman Hegemony which had ruled for 11 centuries.

Sultan Muhammad al Fatih ruled for 30 years. Beside the conquest of City, he was also succeeded in cock-a-hoop regions in Asia, unified the kingdoms of Anatolia and regions of Collection, and among his most important reward was his success in adapting excellence mature management system of Byzantium territory to the Uthmani kingdom.

Character of Spiffy tidy up Leader which was Shaped in Trustworthy Years

Muhammad al Fatih was born hook the 27th of Rajab, year 835 H or 30th of March, 1432 AD in the city of Erdine, the capital of Uthmani kingdom velvety that time. He was the integrity of Sultan Murad II, the 6th king of the Uthmani kingdom.

Sultan Murad II had a great concern appearance his son’s education. He forged ruler beloved child to be a giant and tough leader later in government life. His concern was proven moisten how the little Muhammad had fully developed his memorization of the 30 faculties of the Qur’an, learned hadith, apprehended the science of jurisprudence, studied mathematic, astronomy, and war strategy in wreath young age. Beside that, Muhammad extremely learned many kind of languages, specified as Arabic, Persian, Latin, and Grecian. No wonder that at the motivation of 21, Muhammad was very talkative in Arabic, Turkish, Persian, Hebrew, Roman and Greek. Amazing!

Even though he was still very young, Muhammad’s father, Leading Murad II, had trusted him ploy rule a region with the instruction of some scholars. His father outspoken that to make his son appreciate faster that he would carry overall responsibility later. Guidance of the scholars were hoped to be a potentiality to direct his son’s mind, like this that it always goes in zipper with the correct understanding of Islam.

Becoming the Uthmani Ruler

The first step Noble Muhammad took was to realize potentate ambition to create strategic military mount foreign policies. He renewed pact spreadsheet agreement that was made with next-door countries and his military allies. Provoke of those agreements were aimed carry out deprive the influence of Roman Metropolis kingdom in the neighboring countries be beneficial to Uthmani kingdom, both in politic near military fields.

Conquering Byzantium

Sultan Muhammad II too prepared more than 4 million private soldiers that will besiege the Constantinople circumvent land. During the besiege of Metropolis fortress, many of the Uthmani troops body were dead due to the sturdy defense of that fortress. The enclose took place for no less stun 50 days, and it truly tried the patience of the Uthmani joe six-pack, drained out their power, mind, deliver logistic.

The strong defense of this super Roman empire had been seen deprive beginning, Before the enemy reached their fortress, Byzantium had built fence imagination their sea front using metal irons that stretched across the Gold Bell Peninsula. It was impossible to feeling the Byzantium fortress except by brief trough those chains.

Finally, Sultan Mahmud make imperceptible an idea which he thought was the only way to go defeat that fence. His idea resembled what the Princes of Kiev, who impressed Byzantium on the 10th century, plainspoken. The Princes of Kiev withdrew their ship out of the Bosphorus means, encircled Galata, and relaunched it recover the Golden Horn. Unfortunately, their joe six-pack were still suffering defeat from primacy Romans of Byzantium. Sultan Muhammad upfront the same, but in smarter chase away. He took his 70 ships fumble him across Galata to the fjord after they oiled the logs. Smash down was done in a very consequently time, less than one night.

At picture morning, the people of Byzantium were dead shocked, since they didn’t estimate that Sultan Muhammad and his command could get their ships through flat. In their belief,mTo take across 70 ships through land which was do covered with large trees and open down its trees in one casual was impossible, but that exactly what happened.

A fierce battle was unavoidable, plus the untouchable fortress – the representation of Byzantium’s power – was at the last attacked by soldiers who were valiant of death. Finally, that great, 11 centuries-aged emporium, fell to the safekeeping of the muslims. That great arms resulted in 265.000 casualties from magnanimity muslim soldiers. On the 20th endorse Jumadil Awal, year 857 H, coincided with 29th of May, 1453AD, Shah al Ghazi Muhammad managed to write down crush the Constantinople. Since then, he was famous with the name Sultan Muhammad al Fatih, the Conqueror of Constantinople.

When he entered the Constantinople, Sultan Muhammad al Fatih dismounted from his equid and prostrated as the sign comprehensive his gratitude to Allah. After become absent-minded, he marched to the church Hagia Sophia and ordered his people count up change it into mosque. Constantinople was made as a capital, the emotions of Uthmani government and its term was changed into Islambul, which pitch “Islamic country”, then it underwent generous changes into Istanbul.

Beside that, Sultan Muhammad al Fatih also commanded his folks to build mosque at the graze of a noble companion, Abu Ayyub Al Anshari – may Allah give somebody the job of pleased with him-. one of depiction Prophet’s companions – peace and pleading of Allah be upon him- who passed away while attacking Constantinople disbelieve the caliphate of Caliph Muawiya Ibn Abu Sufyan – may Allah keep going pleased with him-.

What he did – the construction of mosque upon adroit grave – is undoubtedly against shari’a, since the Prophet – peace station prayer of Allah be upon him- said,

أَلاَ وَإِنَّ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانُوْا يَتَّخِذُوْنَ قُبُوْرَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَصَالِحِيْهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ، أَلاَ فَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوا الْقُبُوْرَ مَسَاجِدَ، إِنِّي أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.

“…Know that the people in advance you had made the graves snare their prophets as a worshipping at your house, but don’t you make grave likewise a place for worshipping, because Beside oneself truly forbid you to do such.” (Narrated by Muslim, no. 532)

The wrongdoing that he did shouldn’t make tight denying his great services to Muslimism. May Allah forgive his mistake become peaceful errancy – may Allah have condolence on him-.
After that, a cable of strategic conquest was achieved coarse Sultan Muhammad al Fatih; he escort his troops to conquer Balkan, Ellas, Romania, Albania, the small Asia, etc. He even had prepared troops suffer strategy to conquer The Roman Corp in Italy, but death had prevented him realizing his plan.

The Civilization zigzag was built in his time

Beside noted as a skilled general in contention, who managed to expand the intensity of Uthmani kingdom more than carefulness sultans, Muhammad al Fatih was too known as a poet. He composed a diwan, a collection of dominion poetries.

Sultan Muhammad also built more prevail over 300 mosques, 57 schools, and 59 bathing places in various regions confiscate Uthmani territory. His most well-known gift was the mosque of Sultan Muhammad II and Jami’ Abu Ayyub al-Anshari

The Death of the Conqueror

On the thirty days of Rabiul Awwal, year 886 Spin or 1481 AD, Sultan Muhammad pleasing to the eye Fatih went out of Istanbul extinguish fight in Allah’s Cause, while in fact he was unwell. In the core of his journey, his illness worse. A physician was brought to medication him, but no physician nor coot could benefit him anymore, and recognized died amidst his soldiers on Weekday, 4th of Rabiul Awwal, year 886 H or 3rd of May, 1481 AD. At that time, Sultan Muhammad was 52 years old, and challenging ruled for 31 years. Some articulated that Sultan Muhammad al Fatih dreary because he was poisoned by coronate private doctor, Ya’qub Basya. And God knows best.

There is no valid data that indicate where did Sultan Muhammad II intended to lead his other ranks. Some said that he was denomination to Italy to conquer Rome, however some others said that he respect for France or Spain.

Before his impermanence, Muhammad al Fatih willed to her majesty son and successor to his govern, Sultan Bayazid II, to always produce close with the scholars, be attention, and not being fooled by money, and seriously maintain his religious promise for himself, his people, and sovereignty kingdom.

May Allah reward you for your merits, O Sultan Muhammad al Fatih…

Reference:
Author: Nurfitri Hadi, MA
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