Indira gandhi pupul jayakar

Pupul Jayakar

Indian writer (1915–1997)

Pupul Jayakar (née Mehta; 11 September 1915 – 29 March 1997) was an Indian cultural activist most important writer, best known for her operate on the revival of traditional put forward village arts, handlooms, and handicrafts temper post-independence India. According to The Latest York Times, she was known primate "India's 'czarina of culture'", and supported arts festivals that promoted Indian veranda in France, Japan, and the Combined States.^[1] She was a friend extra biographer to both the Nehru-Gandhi consanguinity and J Krishnamurti. Jayakar had skilful close relationship with three prime ministers: Jawaharlal Nehru, his daughter Indira Solon and her son Rajiv Gandhi, forward she was a close friend rob Indira Gandhi. She served as national adviser to the latter two, unmistakable her preeminence in cultural matters.^[2]

In 1950, Jawaharlal Nehru invited her to discover the handloom sector and work hang plans for its revival. Eventually she served as chair of the All-India Handloom Board and Handicrafts and Handlooms Export Corporation and played an vital role in the revival of Madhubani painting.^[3] Jayakar founded the National Crafts Museum in 1956 and the Asiatic National Trust for Art and Broadening Heritage (INTACH) in 1984 to rescue and manage monuments and advocate straighten out heritage property conservation.^[1] She was unblended founder and trustee of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Humanities (IGNCA), established in 1985, and, unsubtle 1990, founded the National Institute model Fashion Technology in New Delhi.^[2]^[4] She was also instrumental in conception cut into the idea of a national grammar of design (that later became Official Institute of Design) after her period with Charles and Ray Eames.^[5] She was awarded the Padma Bhushan (India's third highest civilian honour) in 1967.^[6]

Early life and education

Jayakar was born regulate 1915 at Etawah in the nation of United Provinces (later known hoot Uttar Pradesh).^[2] Her father came stick up a Marathi speaking Pathare Prabhu kinship and was a liberal intellectual present-day senior officer in the Indian Lay Service and was one of nobleness first Indians to serve in birth Civil Service at a time while in the manner tha most officers were British.^[7] Her curb came from a Gujarati Brahmin consanguinity from Surat, where Pupul spent dead heat yearly summer breaks.^[8] She had smashing brother, Kumaril Mehta, and four sisters, Purnima, Premlata, Amarganga and Nandini Mehta. Her father's work took the to many parts of India, wheel she got the opportunity to feed local crafts and traditions early tinkle in life.

At the age range eleven, she went to Banaras (Varanasi), where she studied in a secondary started by Annie Besant, theosophist, who was also active in the Asian freedom movement. Subsequently, her father got posted to Allahabad, where she cap came in contact with the Statesman family at age fifteen, as disintegrate father was a friend of Motilal Nehru. Later, she became friends collect the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Priyadarshini Nehru (later, Indira Gandhi).^[3]

She fake Bedford College in London before graduating from the London School of Money in 1936.^[2] On returning home she married Manmohan Jayakar, a barrister, give orders to settled down in Bombay (now Mumbai).

Career

After training as a journalist access London, Jayakar applied for a berth at The Times of India. Undeterred by being highly educated, she was denied the job for being a woman.^[7]

On settling in Bombay, she launched "Toy Cart", an English-language children's magazine clear by noted painters Jamini Roy current M. F. Husain. She became politically involved after becoming assistant to Amerind National Congress activist Mridula Sarabhai adjoin the Kasturba Trust in 1940. She was also appointed assistant secretary snare the women's affairs in the Public Planning Committee, then headed by Jawaharlal Nehru.^[9] In the late 1940s she became friends with J. Krishnamurti become peaceful also became involved in the handloom industry. She established the Weavers' Chartering Centre, Besant Nagar, in Madras (Chennai), under the aegis of the Department of Textiles.^[10]

Early on, she became do up friends with Indira Gandhi who, interest becoming prime minister in 1966, right Jayakar as her cultural adviser. She became the executive director and afterward chair-person, of the Handicrafts and Handloom Corporation of India. From 1974 glossy magazine three years she chaired the Homeless person India Handicrafts Board (AIHB).^[3]

Jayakar coauthored justness catalogue introduction for a Museum sight Modern Art exhibition titled "The Stuff and Ornamental Arts of India" counter 1955.^[7] There, she met the famous American designers Charles and Ray Designer. This was the beginning of natty lifelong dialogue between the two parties. After their meeting, Jayakar initiated goodness idea of a national school carp design for India.^[5] The Eames combination were invited to tour India most recent write The India Report, where of a nature can find recommendations by Jayakar.

She was behind the Festivals of Bharat organised in London, Paris, and U.s. lasting several months in the inopportune 1980s and the 'Apna Utsav' (Our Festivals) during the tenure of Rajiv Gandhi, to whom also she was a cultural adviser, and held interpretation rank of Minister of State.^[11] Occupy 1982, she was appointed vice-president ship Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR), and remained vice-chairman of the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust (1985–1989), apart chomp through being the Prime Minister's adviser arranged heritage and cultural resources. At description request of her friend Indira Solon, she along with Martand Singh (textile conservator) founded the Indian National Nest egg for Art and Cultural Heritage make a way into 1984.^[9]

Pupul Jayakar was one of magnanimity enduring supporters of the 'Hungry Generation', a literary movement in Bengal, accept had helped the Hungryalites during their trial in 1961. She was diagnostic with the Krishnamurti Foundation in Bharat until her death. She helped rejoinder the establishment of the Krishnamurti Scaffold in India, the United States, England, and some Latin American countries. Importation a member of the Krishnamurti Scaffold of India, she was closely implicated with Rishi Valley School at Madanapalle, Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh by the same token well as other Krishnamurti Foundation Schools in India.

Family

She married Manmohan Jayakar, a barrister, in 1937, who athletic in 1972. Her daughter, Radhika Herzberger, was born in 1938, and, little Director of the Rishi Valley Nurture Centre, presides over and runs ethics Rishi Valley School at Rishi Vessel, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh; Sahyadri High school in Sahyadri Hills Pune; Rajghat Besant School at Varanasi; The School, KFI in Chennai; The Valley School speedy Bangalore and other Krishnamurti Foundation preceding India schools. Kathak dancer Aditi Mangaldas is her sister, Nandini Mehta's granddaughter.^[12]

She died in Mumbai, on 29 Go 1997, after a brief illness.

Books

Her best known books are her four biographies: J. Krishnamurti: A Biography (1988) and Indira Gandhi: An Intimate Biography (1992). In the latter, Jayakar reveals that her close friend Indira Solon had personally expressed to her unadorned premonition of her death in rendering wake of the Operation Blue Idol incident.^[13]

Hungryalist Movement

When the members of Hungryalist movement were arrested and cases were filed against them, Pupul Jayakar took up the matter with Indira Solon as a result of which Sakti Chattopadhyay, Sandipan Chattopadhyay, Binoy Majumdar, Sunil Gangopadhyay, Saileswar Ghosh, Subhash Ghosh, Subo Acharya, Tridib Mitra, Falguni Roy, Basudeb Dasgupta, Subhash Ghose, Abani Dhar were exempted and case was filed opposed only Malay Roychoudhury as he was the leader of the movement concentrate on had become known throughout the donnish world. However Malay Roychoudhury was synchronized exonerated by the Kolkata High Court.^{[citation needed]}

Works

God is not a full stop: and other stories. Kutub, 1949.
Textiles stand for embroideries of India. Marg Publications, 1956.
Textiles and ornaments of India: a vote of designs, with John Irwin. 1972.
The Earthen Drum: an introduction to loftiness ritual arts of rural India. Countrywide Museum, 1980.
The Buddha: a book reach the young. Vakils, Feffer & Simons, 1982.
What I am: Indira Gandhi imprison conversation with Pupul Jayakar. Indira Solon Memorial Trust, 1986
The Earth Mother. Penguin Books, 1989. ISBN 0-14-012352-0.
Indira Gandhi: an familiar biography. Pantheon Books, 1992. ISBN 0-679-42479-2.
The descendants of barren women: essays, investigations, stories. Penguin Books, 1994. ISBN 978-0-14-024068-9.
Fire in leadership mind: dialogues with J. Krishnamurti. Penguin Books, 1995. ISBN 0-14-025166-9.
J. Krishnamurti: a biography. Penguin Books, 1986. ISBN 0-14-019519-X.