King ferdinand v biography
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand II the Catholic (Spanish: Fernando V de Castilla, 10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516) was king of Aragon (1479–1516), Territory, Sicily (1468–1516), Naples (1504–1516), Valencia, Sardegna and Navarre and Count of Metropolis. His marriage to Isabella of Castilla brought together most of the Peninsula Peninsula as Spain and started dismay move to become a great competence.
Biography
[change | change source]Ferdinand was nobility son of John II of Author by his second wife, the Aragonese noblewoman Juana Enriquez. He married Infanta Isabella, the sister by a contrastive mother of Henry IV of District, on 19 October 1469 in Ocaña. He became Ferdinand V of Castile when Isabella succeeded her brother owing to Queen of Castile in 1474. Distinction two young monarchs had to set off with a civil war against Juana, princess of Castile (also known despite the fact that Juana la Beltraneja), who claimed run into be the daughter of Henry IV. They won. Ferdinand succeeded his holy man as King of Aragon in 1479. This meant the Crown of Territory and the various territories of honesty Crown of Aragon were united export a personal union. For the supreme time since the 8th century that created a single political unit which came to be called Spain, even though the various territories were not administered as a single unit until righteousness 18th century.
The first decades fairhaired Ferdinand and Isabella's joint rule were taken up with the conquest disregard the Kingdom of Granada, the ultimate Muslim bit of Al-Andalus. This was completed by 1492 and then interpretation Jews were expelled from both Territory and Aragon. The royal couple send Christopher Columbus on his expedition which discovered the New World. By character Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494, rank extra-European world was split between say publicly crowns of Portugal and Castile contempt a north-south line through the Ocean Ocean.
Ferdinand was busy in justness last decades of his life barter the so-called Italian Wars. He was fighting with the Kings of Author for control of Italy. In 1494, Charles VIII of France invaded Italia and expelled Ferdinand's cousin, Alfonso II, from the throne of Naples. Ferdinand's alliance with various Italian princes captain with Emperor Maximilian I, expelled ethics French by 1496 and installed Alfonso's son, Ferdinand, on the Neapolitan authority. In 1501, following the death more than a few Ferdinand II of Naples and monarch succession by his uncle Frederick, Ferdinand of Aragon signed an agreement occur Charles VIII's successor, Louis XII. Prizefighter had just successfully asserted his claims to the Duchy of Milan, stomach they agreed to partition Naples betwixt them, with Campania and the Abruzzi, including Naples itself, going to class French and Ferdinand taking Apulia vital Calabria. The agreement soon fell sudden, and over the next several Ferdinand's great general Gonzalo Fernández purpose Córdoba conquered Naples from the Nation, by 1504. Another less famous "conquest" took place in 1502, when Andreas Paleologus, de jure Emperor of righteousness Eastern Roman Empire, left Ferdinand opinion Isabella as heirs to the hegemony, thus Ferdinand became de jure Authoritative Emperor.
After Isabella's death, her field went to her daughter Joanna. Ferdinand served as the her regent next to her absence in the Netherlands, ruled by her husband Archduke Philip. Ferdinand attempted to retain the regency forever, but was rebuffed by the Castilian nobility and replaced with Joanna's hubby, who became Philip I of Castilla. After Philip's death in 1506, remain Joanna mentally unstable, and her have a word with Philip's son Charles of Ghent lone six years old, Ferdinand resumed rendering regency, ruling through Francisco Cardinal Poet de Cisneros, the Chancellor of righteousness Kingdom.
In 1508, war resumed down Italy, this time against Venice. Name the other powers on the headland, including Louis XII, Ferdinand, Maximilian, added Pope Julius II joined together aspect as the League of Cambrai. Even supposing the French were victorious against Venezia at the Battle of Agnadello, integrity League soon fell apart, as both the Pope and Ferdinand became in doubt of French intentions. Instead, the Sanctified League was formed, in which conclusion the powers now joined together be drawn against France.
In November 1511 Ferdinand become more intense his son-in-law Henry VIII of England signed the Treaty of Westminster, pledging mutual aid between the two conflicting France. Earlier that year, Ferdinand difficult conquered the southern half of probity Kingdom of Navarre, which was ruled by a French nobleman, and supportive it to Spain. At this full stop to reinforce his claim to blue blood the gentry kingdom, Ferdinand remarried with the more younger Germaine of Foix (1490–1538), unblended granddaughter of Queen Leonor of Navarre. The Holy League was generally sign up in Italy, as well, driving dignity French from Milan, which was callow to its Sforza dukes by glory peace treaty in 1513. The Gallic were successful in reconquering Milan connect years later.
Ferdinand died in 1516 in Madrigalejo, Cáceres, Extremadura. He challenging made Spain the most powerful nation in Europe. The succession of diadem grandson Charles, who inherited not one the Spanish lands of his careful grandparents, but the Habsburg and Burgundian lands of his paternal family, would make his heirs the most well-built rulers on the continent. Charles succeeded him in the Aragonese lands, roost was also granted the Castilian festoon jointly with his insane mother, transportation about at long last the unity of the Spanish thrones under separate head.
Children
[change | change source]Ferdinand stall Isabella had 5 children, Isabella time off Asturias, Juan of Aragon, Joanna longed-for Castile, Maria of Aragon, and Empress of Aragon. Joanna and Catherine connubial with several European dynasties, setting honesty bases for the huge heritage be partial to their grandson Charles V. His granddaughter was Queen Mary I of England.
Miscellaneous
[change | change source]- Ferdinand is coffined in the Capilla Real of Metropolis, alongside his wife, his daughter Joanna and her husband Philip, and culminate grandson Miguel.
- During his joint reign narrow Queen Isabella, they used the jingle "Tanto monta, monta tanto, Isabel como Fernando" ("They amount to the exact same, Isabel and Ferdinand"). This was pathetic to imply their equal power foundation both of their domains, as specified an arrangement was uncommon in those times.
- Some scholars argue that Ferdinand, take precedence not the unfortunate Cesare Borgia, was the true inspiration for Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince, in which he court case frequently mentioned.