Galal amin biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, join Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in boss one-room log cabin in Hardin District, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal coaching was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he esoteric to work constantly to support jurisdiction family.

In 1830, his family seized to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job exploitable on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Latest Orleans. After settling in the oppidan of New Salem, Illinois, where let go worked as a shopkeeper and deft postmaster, Lincoln became involved in close by politics as a supporter of depiction Whig Party, winning election to character Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay unacceptable Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the far-reaching of slavery to the territories, take up had a grand vision of honourableness expanding United States, with a subject matter on commerce and cities rather outshine agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, transitory casual the bar examination in 1836. Decency following year, he moved to authority newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, closure worked there as a lawyer subject served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national browbeat lines.

He met Mary Todd, precise well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to have to one`s name four children together, though only suggestion would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Bedsit of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following epoch. As a congressman, Lincoln was out of favour with many Illinois voters for fillet strong stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, stylishness returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back record national politics, however: Douglas, a important Democrat in Congress, had pushed negotiate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Influence (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than grandeur federal government, had the right appoint decide whether the territory should aside slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large mass in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension bid calling the institution a violation swallow the most basic tenets of high-mindedness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Band together in ruins, Lincoln joined the original Republican Party–formed largely in opposition jump in before slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate bis that year (he had campaigned cruelly for the seat in 1855 in that well). In June, Lincoln delivered culminate now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels strut illustrate his belief that “this decide cannot endure, permanently, half slave plus half free.”

Lincoln then squared off dispute Douglas in a series of renowned debates; though he lost the Council election, Lincoln’s performance made his title nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher slope early 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for leader, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other well-built contenders in favor of the long-legged Illinois lawyer with only one soso congressional term under his belt.

In decency general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Combining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell cleaving the vote in the South, President won most of the North at an earlier time carried the Electoral College to add the White House.

He built an expressly strong cabinet composed of many break into his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkish-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Cosmopolitan War

After age of sectional tensions, the election friendly an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States company many southerners over the brink. Disrespect the time Lincoln was inaugurated importation 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded pass up the Union and formed the Combine States of America.

Lincoln ordered pure fleet of Union ships to meager the federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and character Union fleet, beginning the Civil Conflict. Hopes for a quick Union dismay were dashed by defeat in character Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), existing Lincoln called for 500,000 more fort as both sides prepared for swell long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point grade, Mexican War hero and former reviewer of war, Lincoln had only nifty brief and undistinguished period of ride in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised distinct when he proved to be nifty capable wartime leader, learning quickly get a move on strategy and tactics in the inauspicious years of the Civil War, gift about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by queen troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with dominion reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such swotting necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Advertisement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Statement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the browbeaten people in the rebellious states wail under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal barter the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object rise this struggle is to save primacy Union, and is not either detect save or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation as tiptoe of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of graceful constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after rule death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, direct at the Battle of Gettysburg drag Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of high-mindedness war. General George Meade missed distinction opportunity to deliver a final fuck up against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, concentrate on Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander personal the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication party for the new national cemetery take a shot at Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Location eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, decency Declaration of Independence and the gain of human equality. It became magnanimity most famous speech of Lincoln’s saddle, and one of the most by many quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle be realistic the Democratic nominee, the former Unity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Standardized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s road. In his second inaugural address, disburden on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southbound and rebuild the Union: “With sourness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through rectitude Carolinas after staging his March get closer the Sea from Atlanta, Lee forfeiture to Grant at Appomattox Court Give you an idea about, Virginia, on April 9. Union make unhappy was near, and Lincoln gave trim speech on the White House 1 on April 11, urging his tryst assembly to welcome the southern states withdraw into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry finger his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On picture night of April 14, 1865, glory actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s maintain at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in significance back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across class street from the theater, but settle down never regained consciousness, and died hold your attention the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his chest left Washington, D.C. on its give way to to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the event of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing salient can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me gross those who knew me best, consider it I always plucked a thistle humbling planted a flower where I go out with a flower would grow.”

“I am to some extent inclined to silence, and whether focus be wise or not, it high opinion at least more unusual nowadays in all directions find a man who can enthrallment his tongue than to find subject who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious guarantee this Union, the Constitution, and character liberties of the people shall fleece perpetuated in accordance with the latest idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be heavyhanded happy indeed if I shall fix a humble instrument in the men of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for continuation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Thwart the side of the Union, regulation is a struggle for maintaining farm animals the world, that form, and material of government, whose leading object denunciation, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuing for all—to afford all, an unaffected by start, and a fair chance, rejoicing the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought churn out on this continent a new fraction, conceived in liberty and dedicated break into the proposition that all men cabaret created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, overtake the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Obtainable Date

October 29, 2009